教师指导 For Student Accommodations

常见问题

 

What kinds of disabilities are served by the 可及性服务 Office (AS)?

的 office offers services to 学生 with disabilities, including disabilities considered 隐藏The. Hidden disabilities may include learning, medical, physical, emotional, or 精神病学. 的y may be continuous, intermittent, or temporary.

谁有资格获得服务?

Any student of 十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 who has a documented disability is eligible for services. 

什么是住宿?

A reasonable 住宿 is a modification or adjustment to a course, program, service, 活动或设施. This adjustment enables a qualified student with a disability to have an equal opportunity to attain the same performance level or enjoy similar benefits and privileges available to similarly situated 学生 without disabilities.

Why does 十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 have to provide academic 住宿?

Proving 住宿 ensures that the college complies with Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), and the ADA Amendments Act of 2008. It is also part of our central purpose as a small college committed to offering an individualized approach to higher education.

的 Rehabilitation Act states, “No otherwise qualified individual with a disability in the United States… shall, solely by reason of her or his disability, be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial 协助ance...“有了。 passage of the ADA, the government expanded this mandate to any public or private 机构.  Subpart E of the Rehabilitation Act requires an 机构 to be prepared to make reasonable academic 住宿 to allow 学生 with disabilities full access to the same programs and activities available to 学生 without disabilities.

What should a faculty member do if they have concerns about implementing a requested 住宿?

If faculty members have questions or think they will have difficulty providing 住宿, the first step they should take is to contact the 可及性服务 Office. 的 AS office will clarify 信息 and 协助 with the resources 需要 to provide 住宿.

Why does the 可访问性 Office so often recommend ‘extended time for tests’ ?

Extended test time is the 住宿 most commonly recommended because many disabilities 影响处理时间. 因此, 学生 may need additional time to rephrase questions to understand them and provide answers.  A student with a disability affecting motor control may require extra time to write the answers.  住宿允许学生 with disabilities to demonstrate their abilities, not the limitations of their disabilities.

Can faculty members know specific 信息 about a student’s disability?

的 可及性服务 Office cannot release 信息 about 学生 unless they sign a release to exchange 信息.

What should faculty members do if they suspect a student would benefit from 住宿 and are uncertain if the student is working with the 可及性服务 Office?

的 可访问性 Services Office receives many referrals from faculty members who have noticed 学生 having difficulty in class.  如果你看到一个学生在挣扎 and suspect they may have a disability, you are encouraged to contact the AS office. 的 office will help develop an appropriate strategy for approaching the student to 讨论他们的困难.

             Adapted from Meredith College’s Disability Services Handbook

After a thorough examination of the required documentation, 可及性服务 (AS) determines appropriate 住宿, which may include 以下几点:  

 

延长时间: 

教师 members privately arrange with the student to implement options. 这些可能 include asking the student to start a test or quiz early, stay after the test period ends, or reserve a separate space within the department, such as a conference room 或办公室.

记笔记的人: 

教师 members may provide their notes directly to the student or may choose a volunteer 上课记笔记的人. To maintain confidentiality, faculty do not identify the student with disabilities to the student note-taker. 记笔记的学生应该 take the notes to the administrative 助理 in the 可及性服务 Office 在塔夫脱107室. 学生 with disabilities can pick up their copy of the class 指出有.

独立的设置: 

教师 members may provide a quiet space like a classroom, office, or conference room - free from distractions such as phones or conversations.

大声朗读: 

A faculty member may read or allow 协助ive technology to read the student’s test 大声.

抄写员: 

教师 members may transcribe or allow 协助ive technology such as 演讲-to-text to transcribe student test answers.  

电子教科书: 

的 Office of 可及性服务 may provide electronic textbooks.

数字记录器:  

教师 members may allow a cell phone or other recording devices to record the classroom instruction for future reference.

优先座位: 

教师 members may permit 学生 to sit in an area, usually at the front, where there are potentially fewer distractions and more focused attention.

拼写检查: 

教师 members may allow 学生 to use the spell check function on their computer 作业和测试.

字处理器: 

A professor may permit 学生 to use a word processor program on their personal computers in the classroom or provide 学生 with one.

• 学生 provides the 可及性服务 Director documentation 残疾的 and its impact from an appropriately licensed or certified professional.

• After reviewing the documentation and meeting with the student, the AS Director makes 资格认定.

• Once the AS Director makes 资格认定, the student signs a release, which allows the AS Director to inform 教练 of the 需要 住宿.

• 的 AS Director sends the student and the student’s 教练 a letter with the 住宿批准. 

• 的 AS office instructs the student to discuss how the instructor will implement the 每门课程的住宿.

• 教师 members are responsible for proctoring tests for their 学生 and providing 其他认可的住宿设施.

• It is the student’s responsibility to request 住宿 at least two days before 考试日期.  If a student asks for 住宿 after this deadline, providing them is at the instructor’s discretion.

• 的 AC office suggests that 教练 keep a record for each student with the date and 住宿 provided for legal purposes.

• Remember that the student’s identity and other disability-related 信息 are 严格保密的.

• If faculty need 协助ance or have questions, they should contact the Director of AS.

零干扰测试 & 课堂上的测验: This environment includes faculty! Professors talking distracts 学生. 

机密性: 教师 need to ask when providing instructor-proctored tests, how are you maintaining confidentiality within the proctoring process? 学生 only give their professor permission to know about their requests for disability 住宿; this permission does NOT extend to other faculty members or other 学生.

辅助技术: 谷歌阅读 & 写 is available to all 十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 学生 and faculty. R&W is a useful resource for instruction and for providing test 住宿.

跟踪过程: 

• 的 faculty 需要 a method for keeping all of the 住宿 letters together to quickly determine which 学生 need 住宿.
• 的 faculty 需要 to ask itself, “Am I keeping notes on what I did, when, and for 谁?” 

Is the environment welcoming for 学生? 

• 教师 should have a welcoming statement on their syllabi.
• 教师 should make a verbal statement welcoming 学生 and inviting them to meet with you privately if they have specific learning 需要.

How are you helping 学生 get notes when that is a part of their 住宿? Are you keeping confidentiality in mind during the process?

How are you allowing access to a computer when a student has listed it as an 住宿 for in-class 作业 and tests?

How are you handling quizzes when a student 需要 extra time, including pop quizzes?

的 可及性服务 Office arranges services best when there is sufficient time for planning and problem-solving.  However, because of the stigma associated with disabilities, 学生 often find it challenging to bring up the subject of 住宿.  As a course instructor, you can facilitate early planning by encouraging 学生 with disabilities to disclose their condition and begin discussing what 住宿 他们可能需要.  A beneficial way of encouraging such dialogue is to include a statement in your syllabus that announces your willingness to talk about 住宿 with 可能需要他们的学生.  的 可及性服务 Office encourages including the following 信息 in your syllabus:

十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 is an equal opportunity provider. If you have a documented disability -- physical, psychological, or learning -- you may be eligible to receive reasonable 大学住宿. 学生 requesting 住宿 should contact the 可访问性 Services Offices in Taft Building, room 107 or 111 within the first two weeks of the 学期. Please note that using 住宿 can significantly influence your success 在大学. 

Such announcements help set a tone of acceptance of differences and a willingness to make your course accessible to everyone.  Reinforcing this 信息 verbally during class time will provide additional emphasis and reassurance to 学生.

学生 with disabilities must provide appropriate disability documentation to receive 住宿. 学生 give this documentation to the 可及性服务 Office (AS), and it remains confidential until the student permits the office to release 信息.  An instructor asked to make disability-related 住宿 is entitled to know that the student has provided data and the functional limitations involved. Unless a student requests it, the office does not divulge specifics regarding a diagnosis. If a student requesting 住宿 is not using our office, please encourage them 这样做.  Contact the 可及性服务 Office at any time to consult about 需要.

辅助技术

可及性服务 (AS) provides 协助ive technology designed to support 学生’ 不同需求的学习.

谷歌阅读 & 写 

读 & 写 for Google Chrome offers a range of powerful support tools to help 学生 gain confidence with reading, writing, studying, and research, including:

• Hear words, passages, or whole documents read 大声 with easy-to-follow dual color 高亮显示.
• See the meaning of words explained with text and picture dictionaries.
• Hear text translated into other languages.
• Get suggestions for the current or next word as you type.
• Turn words into the text as you speak.
• Highlight text in documents or the web, and collect this text for use in other forms.
• Create and listen to voice notes directly inside of Google documents.
• Simplify and summarize text on web pages.

读 & 写 for Google Chrome is a user-friendly chrome extension for PCs, Macs, 和chrome笔记本. It works with web pages and common file types in Google Drive.  的 toolbar is available for all 学生 with a 4dian8.com帐户.

下载工具栏

电子教科书

十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 makes e-textbooks available to 学生 who have a print disability. 学生 may request them through the AS administrative 助理.  

数字录音机

十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 makes 录音机s available to 学生 to check out.

十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名

In compliance with federal and state legislation, 十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 offers free accessibility services to 学生 with a documented disability. 的 college also serves 学生 in the 十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 program through 可及性服务. 这些学生 participate in a fee-based academic coaching program.

相似之处:  

• Disability documentation required
• 提供住宿 

差异:

• LP 学生 have a learning specialist with 谁 they meet twice per week for academic 指导和建议.
• LP 学生 may take their tests with 住宿 in the LP Test Center. 
• LP 学生 have a 学习 Lab available for their study time and academic support in the Taft Building rooms 108 and 110.

十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 welcomes collaboration between 学习 Specialists and their 学生’ 教练. 十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名 works to support the classroom instructional process.

十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名测试中心:

• 学生 completes an electronic test proctoring form with the LP administrative 助理 in the Taft Building in room 107 two days before the scheduled exam, allowing the 助理 and the instructor to coordinate test materials.  如果不这样做， the student may test with instructor 住宿 like any student who has approved 住宿 through 可及性服务.
• Once an instructor receives a request to test in the 学习 Partner Test Center, they indicate approval for the time and date requested, any special instructions, delivery method, and the test return method.
• A proct或者调度s testing for the same time as the class is taking the exam. 在那里 are two exceptions to this policy:
• 的 test proctor is unavailable to proctor the exam at that time.
• 学生 has another class immediately before or following the exam that would not allow the student to use the appropriate 住宿 (e.g.延长的时间 测试).
• 的 instructor provides the exam to the administrative 助理 in the Taft Building, 107房间，不迟于早上八点半.m. 在考试当天. 行政助理 keeps the exam until the scheduled proctoring time, maintaining test security.
• On the exam day, the student should arrive at the Taft Building, room 107, on time. If the student does not come within 15 minutes of the scheduled time, the 助理 will return the test to the instructor. 
• When testing, the student will take only permitted materials into the testing room. 的 college does not allow cell phones, notebooks, book bags, purses, oversized jackets. 学生 should place personal items in the office of the learning specialist or administrative 助理.
• Instructors may provide ‘as much time as 需要’ if they offer this to all 学生. Instructors provide extended time as noted on the 住宿 letter.
• Assistive technology typically provides the read-大声 住宿.
• When the student completes the test or their time is out, they return all materials 致监考老师.
• 行政助理 will return the exam to the instructor according to the preferred method of return stated in the 住宿.  指导员将删除 任何以电子方式发送的测试. 

十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名的使命: 

十大博彩网站评级线上博彩平台排名’ mission is to provide 学生 with the individualized support and coaching they need to develop their learning skills, realize their academic goals, and become successful independent learners.

学习成果: 

• Realize Educational or Career Objectives
• 成为积极主动的自我倡导者 
• 实现个人学习目标
• Develop Personally and Engage Socially

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder:

A person diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) has difficulty with inattention and hyperactivity. 在那里 are three types of AD/HD: combined type, predominantly inattentive, and hyperactive-impulsive type. 专家描述AD/HD by inattention and distractibility, and in the case of the predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type, restlessness or an increased energy level. 的se individuals experience learning similar to simultaneously conversing, watching TV, and listening to the radio.  It takes a great deal of energy and determination for individuals with AD/HD to stay focused, particularly in situations that require sustained mental effort or lack novelty. 治疗包括药物治疗.

Accommodations for the student with AD/HD may include, but are not limited to the 后:

• 优先座位位置
• Use of note-taker or digital 录音机
• 延长测试时间
• 单独设置
• Written and oral directions and deadlines

Suggestions for working with 学生:

• A student with AD/HD benefits from structure and organization. 如果可能，在 each lecture, 教练 should provide outlines of major topics covered.  一个详细的 syllabus can help these 学生. 
• Provide directions for 作业 in writing.
• Provide a copy of your lecture notes or a classmate’s notes
• Allow the student to take a photo of notes written on the board.
• Provide 学生 feedback about their level of participation in the class.
• 视觉教具 and demonstrations may help keep the student’s attention.
• 学生 with AD/HD may need 协助ance in setting mini-deadlines for large projects.

学习障碍:

A specific learning disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects school-age children, although one may not fully recognize its effect until adulthood. 学习 disability refers to ongoing problems in one of three areas reading, writing, or math, which are foundational to one’s ability to learn.

An estimated five to 15 percent of school-age children struggle with a learning disorder. Around 80 percent of those have a reading disorder. Data shows one-third of the people with learning disabilities also have attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Individuals with learning disabilities may have difficulty in the following areas:

• 读ing accurately, with reasonable speed, and without much effort.
• Understanding the meaning of what they have read
• 拼写正确
• Expressing themselves in written word evidenced by problems with clarity of thought, grammar, punctuation, or organization
• Understanding number concepts, number facts, or calculation
• Mathematical reasoning, applying math concepts, or solving math problems
   

                                                                                                     American Psychiatric Association

How 学习 Disabilities May Affect 学生 in College:

学习技巧: 

• Inability to effectively organize and budget time 
• Inability to beneficially take notes or outline class material 
• Inability to functionally understand or follow directions 
• Inability to timely complete 作业 

写作技巧: 

• 经常出现拼写错误
• 不正确的语法
• 可怜的书法
• 句子结构差
• Inability to take notes effectively while listening to class lectures
• Problems with organization, development of ideas, and transition words

口语: 

• Inability to effectively understand the oral language when a lecturer speaks quickly
• Inability to pay attention during long lectures
• 词汇量和单词记忆能力差
• Problems with correctly using grammar
• Inability to functionally remember a series of events in sequence
• Inability to pronounce multisyllabic words

阅读技巧: 

• 阅读速度慢
• 不准确的理解
• 可怜的保留
• Poor tracking skills causing skipping of words, missing lines of the text, or losing one’s place on printed materials. 
• 复杂语法的困难 
• 不完全掌握语音

数学能力: 

• Difficulty with computational skills
• 推理困难
• Difficulty with basic math operations
• Number reversals/confusion of symbols
• 复制困难问题
• Difficulty with concepts of time and money

社会技能: 

• 空间定向障碍    
• 低挫败感
• Difficulty with delaying problem resolution
• 冲动
• 时间上的迷失 
• 低自尊

Psychological Disability Conditions: 

Individuals with disabilities, including individuals with anxiety disorders and other psychological disorders, are eligible for 住宿. 持牌心理学家及 psychiatrists who have determined a student has a psychological disability may recommend 住宿. 的 AS Office will work with the student and faculty to provide 住宿 for the classroom student as appropriate.   

听力障碍:

Hearing impairments are often 隐藏The disabilities that range from mild hearing loss 对耳聋. 学生 with severe hearing loss may use American Sign Language interpreters 或提示语音转写器. Some 学生 read lips and rely on seeing the speaker. A hearing aid may help some individuals hear and understand 演讲, but the hearing aid will never restore hearing to normal. Certain kinds of hearing losses may create sound distortions as well as a reduction in volume. Classrooms typically have considerable background noise that increases the difficulty for 学生 with hearing impairments.

Accommodations for 学生 with hearing impairments may include, but are not limited 致:

• Sign language interpreter or Cued Speech Transliterator
• 网虫
• 数字录音讲座 
• Instructors using a lapel microphone for an 协助ive listening device (for example, 调频系统)
• 优先座位
• 说明“新”术语的讲义
• 视觉教具
• Lectures with written outlines or notes on the board

教室:

• 的 interpreter should sit where the student can see both the interpreter and the 教练同时.
• 学生 需要 a seat in the front of the classroom to see the instructor, board, 和屏幕.
• For a student who reads lips, the instructor should face the class and speak clearly 以典型的方式.  
• A student with a hearing impairment can better participate in group discussions if 全班坐成一圈.
• Avoid turning your back to the student when speaking.
• Avoid standing with your back to a window or other light source, which puts your face in a shadow and makes lip reading difficult.
• When showing a video, ensure that it has captions. 
• Repeat questions or comments made by others in the room.
• Do not block your mouth with your hands or other objects.
• Keep background noise to a minimum.  Environmental and background sounds tend to mask 演讲.
• Use visual aids whenever possible.
• When referring to items on the board, try to be specific about the word or phrase you are referring to by pointing directly to it.

视觉障碍:

学生 with visual impairments may have vision ranging from blindness to low vision.  A student with low vision may need large print reading materials.  一个学生 blind has no functional-vision and may rely upon devices for mobility, such as a cane 或者导盲犬. 学生 with visual impairments may use paid or volunteer readers or 辅助技术设备.

Accommodations for visually impaired 学生 may include, but are not limited to 以下几点: 

• 优先座位
• 记录讲座
• 记录文本
• 大号印刷材料
• Alternate test format: oral, Braille, or large print
• Use of voice dictation or a computer for enlarging text
• 使用抄写员或记录员
• Extended time and alternate locations for exams
• Extended time for research requirements

教室:

• Some 学生 use a service animal. Guide dogs are highly trained and disciplined workers, not pets, and should not be distracted from their duties.  
• 清除道路上的障碍物.
• Inform the student if the staff or 学生 rearrange the furniture
• When offering a seat to a student, place the student’s hand on the chair’s back or arm and allow the student to seat himself or herself.
• Clearly and precisely, read 大声 anything written on the board.
• Use precise, descriptive language.  Do not use “this and that” phrases.  例如, “the lungs are located here and diaphragm there.” 
• Ensure that 教练 provide documents, whether printed or online,  in a format that is accessible to a screen reader.  Document accessibility includes several factors such as font type and size, format, and color contrast.  AS办公室可以提供帮助 with understanding and providing 住宿.
• Provide enlarged copies of material or work with the AS office for Braille materials 在适当的时候.  
• Identify yourself when talking with the student and let the individual know when you 谈话结束了吗?.  A student with visual impairments cannot depend on recognizing a voice and knowing with 谁 he or she is talking and does not always realize when a person has walked away and ended a conversation.

流动障碍:

的 ADA defines mobility or motor impairment as a partial or total loss of a body part’s function, usually a limb or limbs. 的se impairments may result in weakness, decreased stamina, lack of muscle control, or total paralysis. 一个行动障碍者 student may use a wheelchair, cane, crutches, or simply walk at a slower pace. 电动机 impairments range from obvious conditions to less apparent ones, such as a chronic 回障碍.

的 need for adaptation varies among 学生 with mobility impairments.  因此, college staff must consult the student regarding the areas and extent of modifications 需要. Some general considerations apply to most 学生 with mobility impairments.

Accommodations for 学生 with mobility impairments may include, but are not limited 致: 

• Relocating classes to accessible locations
• Providing space among the desks for a wheelchair or a wheelchair accessible desk or table
• Accommodating seating arrangements as 需要 
• Providing advance notice if the instructor changes the class location
• Reducing the writing load through the use of handouts, a note-taker, or a digital 录音机
• Providing consideration for lateness due to difficulties in the location of the classroom 或者调度
• Extending the time for test-taking
• Using a computer for written work
• Using a scribe or 协助ive technology for tests
• 允许记录测试结果 
• Providing instructor’s notes 在适当的时候 and copies of powerpoints to reduce 写作的需要

建议: 

• Do not assume that 学生 with motor impairments cannot participate in an activity; always consult with the student regarding limitations.
• Incorporate the student into group activities. This inclusion may require adaptive equipment or pairing the student with another classmate.
• 保持通道畅通.
• Work with the AS Office and Facilities Services ahead of time regarding modifying 设备或家具(e.g., lab counters, sinks, storage shelves).
• Consider accessibility 需要 when planning field trips, fieldwork, and other types 的活动.

获取信息: 

• Provide a detailed course syllabus, clearly defined course requirements, and exam/assignment 日期
• 提供清晰的材料
• Provide illustrations, handouts, and visual aids
• Team a skilled reader with a less capable reader
• Vary instruction modes; use more than one method to demonstrate or explain 信息.
• Allow 学生 to record lectures.

表达信息: 

• Provide alternative ways for 学生 to complete a task such as an oral presentation
• Stress organization and ideas rather than mechanics when grading spontaneous writing 作业
• Allow use of word processing, spell check, and grammar check software.
• Make provisions for writing revisions and give feedback so that a student may continue 朝着更好的方向.
• Have 学生 represent ideas as a work of art such as a sketch, painting, sculpture, 或拼贴
• Stimulate ideas by presenting photos, artwork, film, and video

申请信息: 

• Break 信息 into small steps if teaching many new tasks in one lesson and include objectives, review of the previous class, and a summary
• Allow time for feedback, clarification, and interpretation of directions and essential 信息.
• When teaching a new task, relate the concept to a similar idea or procedure already 学会了.
• Repeat or give additional examples of instructions
• Provide advance notice of changes in 作业 or test 日期
• Provide additional time  for tests and 作业 when necessary
• Provide study guides or review sheets for exams

        Adapted from “From Screening to Accommodation:  Providing Services to Adults 有学习障碍的人"

DO:

• Ask questions if you do not understand something or you are not sure how to proceed.
• Hold up your end concerning 住宿.  
• Treat 学生 with disabilities with the same courtesies you would afford to other 学生.
• Respect the privacy of 学生 with disabilities. 的y need not disclose their disability 致同学们. While they must disclose their disability to the AS Office to access 住宿, this does not include disclosure to everyone.
• 提出适当的问题. Questions may lead to the college addressing specific requests more consistently and more thoroughly in the future.
• Assist 学生 in the following procedure for requesting 住宿. 学生 must work through the AS Office and not individual faculty members.  这个过程 protects 学生, faculty, and the 机构 by ensuring consistency and takes much of the burden off individual faculty members.

不:

• Engage in philosophical debates about “fairness” to other, nondisabled 学生 or whether providing 住宿 somehow violates your academic freedom. 作为一个社会， Congress has determined how we should address equal access to education by establishing federal civil 权利的律例 protecting persons with disabilities’ rights without adversely affecting those without disabilities. Most state legislatures have joined 国会在这方面的努力. Secondly, academic freedom is not preemptive of federal civil 权利的律例.  
• Decide to ignore the academic 住宿 that the AS Office has approved. 你 may subject the college and yourself to liability.
• Leave a student adrift without 住宿. 例如, if no volunteers are willing to take notes in a class, make sure the AS director knows to locate someone who can 协助.
• Refuse to permit 学生 to digitally record lectures as an 住宿. 任何一般 policy that might allow 教练 to refuse the use of digital 录音机s without providing for 学生 with disabilities is legally insufficient.  
• Refuse to provide extended time for tests with the mistaken assumption that doing so would require you to provide additional time to all 学生.
• Refuse to provide 住宿 until you have personally evaluated a student’s documentation 残疾的. Eligibility for services under the ADA is the job of the disability services personnel, not the faculty.  
• Make assumptions about a student’s ability to work in a particular field. 通常,社会 bases concern that 学生 cannot handle a profession on fears and presuppositions, 不是事实.
• Provide unrequested or unauthorized 住宿. Direct 学生 with unauthorized 住宿 requests to the AS Office.